{"id":29,"date":"2021-02-09T07:44:17","date_gmt":"2021-02-09T07:44:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/shtheme.org\/demosd\/agroly\/?p=29"},"modified":"2022-10-14T12:33:33","modified_gmt":"2022-10-14T12:33:33","slug":"plant-nutrition-and-nutritional-monitoring","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agroingex.es\/en\/plant-nutrition-and-nutritional-monitoring\/","title":{"rendered":"Plant nutrition and nutritional monitoring"},"content":{"rendered":"
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The nutritional monitoring service integrates monitoring during the season of the Water-Soil-Plant system in different phenological stages of the crop.<\/strong><\/p>

The service is based on monitoring irrigation water, fertilizer solution, soil solution, foliar and fruit dynamics, as well as providing technical assistance from agronomists specializing in plant nutrition. This way, producers receive timely and easily accessible information, clear and accurate diagnoses, and practical recommendations tailored to their specific needs.<\/p>

The following describes each of the analyses involved and their importance for the crops:<\/p>

Soil System \u2013 Soil Solution:<\/strong><\/h2>

The soil is a system composed of three phases of great importance: solid, gaseous, and liquid phases.<\/strong> It is in the solid phase where organic matter and soil particles interact<\/strong>These factors determine the texture and potential fertility of a soil. The pore space gives rise to the gaseous phase, where the exchange between CO2 produced by the roots and O2 from the atmosphere occurs. During irrigation, the porosity begins to saturate with water, resulting in what is known as the liquid phase, which keeps the nutrients in solution. (soil solution; Figure 1).<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Figure 1<\/strong>.
Diagram of the complex soil-soil-root interaction system.
Modified from 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Pearson Benjamin
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The soil solution is a highly relevant dynamic parameter, as it constitutes the transport medium for the inorganic or ionic forms of nutrients, and it must meet the specific requirements of a crop and its phenology. Roots respire continuously and release significant amounts of CO2, which, in contact with soil water, is converted into carbonic acid (H2O + CO2 = H2CO3)<\/strong>, which rapidly dissociates into hydrogen and bicarbonate (H+ + HCO3)<\/strong>H+ ions diffuse towards soil particles and readily displace other cations bound to exchange positions, such as potassium and sodium (K+ and Na+ respectively)<\/strong>.<\/p>

In this way, The cations initially adsorbed to the soil are exchanged with H+ and pass into the soil solution<\/strong>where they can be absorbed by the roots. This generates an ion exchange phenomenon between the soil and the crop. Exogenous applications of fertilizers to the soil alter the properties of the soil solution and the nutrients available for absorption. However, a fraction of the applied nutrients can pass directly into the exchange complex of the soil particles, while another fraction can leach into the soil. In both scenarios, the efficiency of fertilization decreases.<\/strong><\/p>

Factors that regulate ion absorption include:<\/strong><\/p>